{
  "node_id": "esa-essb-st-u-007-space-debris-mitigation-policy",
  "title": "ESA Space Debris Mitigation Policy and Requirements (ESSB-ST-U-007)",
  "domain": "Space & Satellite Law",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "last_updated": "2023-03-28",
  "bluf": "The European Space Agency Space Debris Mitigation Policy and Requirements is an ESA Standardisation Board Standard (ESSB-ST-U-007 Issue 1) issued on 28 March 2023 and applies to all new ESA projects starting at Phase A and to existing ESA missions where technically and programmatically feasible. The Standard implements the ESA Space Debris Mitigation Policy approved by the ESA Director General and supersedes the previous ESA Requirements for Space Debris Mitigation (ESSB-ST-U-004 Issue 1). The Standard is consistent with the IADC Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines (2007 as revised), the UN COPUOS Long-Term Sustainability Guidelines (2019), and ISO 24113 (Space Systems - Space Debris Mitigation Requirements).\n\nKey technical provisions include: 25-year maximum orbital lifetime baseline for objects passing through Low Earth Region with operational provisions to align with the post-2024 5-year ambition; protection of the geostationary protected region with re-orbiting to graveyard orbits at least 235 km above the GEO ring; controlled re-entry casualty risk of less than 1 in 10,000; passivation of stored on-board energy at end of mission to prevent breakup; and on-orbit collision avoidance manoeuvres when the probability of collision exceeds 1 in 10,000. The Standard requires a Space Debris Mitigation Plan to be prepared at Phase B with technical justification at major milestones and a final Disposal and Reentry Verification Report. The Standard applies to ESA-developed and ESA-procured space systems and is referenced by ESA contracts as a mandatory technical requirement.",
  "paywall": {
    "status": "LOCKED",
    "unlock_cost_usd": "0.01",
    "skyfire_id": "41779894-ece2-4163-9761-b3b1b76e19b0"
  },
  "crosswalks": {
    "_available_keys": [
      "nist_framework",
      "industry_mapping"
    ],
    "_note": "Full crosswalk values included in vault response"
  },
  "dependencies": [
    "iadc-space-debris-mitigation-guidelines-2007",
    "un-copuos-space-debris-mitigation-guidelines-2007",
    "copuos-lts-guidelines-2019-space-sustainability"
  ],
  "primary_citations_count": 8
}