{
  "node_id": "eu-epbd-nearly-zero-energy-buildings-definition",
  "title": "Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on the energy performance of buildings (recast) - Articles 9-11: Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings, Cost-Optimal Methodology and Requirements for New Buildings",
  "domain": "Construction & Real Estate",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "last_updated": "2026-04-21",
  "bluf": "EU Member States must define and implement national standards for nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEBs) for all new buildings by 31 December 2020, and for new public buildings by 31 December 2018, in accordance with Article 9. The definition must include very high energy performance, a nearly zero or very low amount of energy from renewable sources, and be based on cost-optimal methodologies per Article 5. Applies to all new buildings and public building owners.",
  "paywall": {
    "status": "LOCKED",
    "unlock_cost_usd": "0.01",
    "skyfire_id": "41779894-ece2-4163-9761-b3b1b76e19b0"
  },
  "crosswalks": {
    "_available_keys": [
      "nist_framework",
      "iso_standard",
      "industry_mapping",
      "ai_overlay_2026"
    ],
    "_note": "Full crosswalk values included in vault response"
  },
  "dependencies": [
    "eu-construction-sector-emissions-buildings-renovation",
    "iso-50001-2018-energy-management-systems",
    "iso-19650-bim-information-management-construction"
  ],
  "primary_citations_count": 5
}