{
  "node_id": "mitre-capec-capec-21-exploitation-of-trusted-identifiers",
  "title": "MITRE CAPEC-21: Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers (Attack Pattern - High Severity)",
  "domain": "Cybersecurity",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "last_updated": "2026-05-12",
  "bluf": "MITRE CAPEC-21 (Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers) is an attack pattern in which an adversary manipulates trusted identifiers (session IDs, cookies, access tokens, SAML assertions, OAuth tokens) to impersonate authenticated users. Prerequisites: weak identifier proof/verification schemes, long-lifetime reusable identifiers, concurrent sessions allowed. Likelihood: High. Severity: High. Maps to MITRE ATT&CK T1134 (Access Token Manipulation), T1528 (Steal Application Access Token), T1539 (Steal Web Session Cookie). CWE-290, CWE-302, CWE-384, CWE-539. Compliance: OWASP ASVS V3, PCI DSS, NIS2.",
  "paywall": {
    "status": "LOCKED",
    "unlock_cost_usd": "0.01",
    "skyfire_id": "41779894-ece2-4163-9761-b3b1b76e19b0"
  },
  "crosswalks": {
    "_available_keys": [
      "nist_framework",
      "iso_standard",
      "industry_mapping",
      "mitre_attack"
    ],
    "_note": "Full crosswalk values included in vault response"
  },
  "dependencies": [
    "mitre-attack-t1539-steal-web-session-cookie",
    "mitre-attack-t1078-valid-accounts",
    "mitre-d3fend-d3-anci-authentication-cache-invalidation",
    "mitre-d3fend-d3-mfa-multi-factor-authentication",
    "nist-sp-800-53-r5"
  ],
  "primary_citations_count": 8
}