{
  "node_id": "us-natural-gas-pipeline-safety-act",
  "title": "US Pipeline Safety Law (49 USC ch 601): Pipeline Safety Standards and Enforcement",
  "domain": "Energy & Utilities",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "last_updated": "2026-05-27",
  "bluf": "The Federal pipeline safety law (49 U.S.C. ch. 601), originating in the Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Act and the Hazardous Liquid Pipeline Safety Act, governs the safety of gas and hazardous liquid pipeline transportation and facilities, administered by the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration within the Department of Transportation. Section 60101 provides the definitions, including pipeline facility and gas. Section 60102 sets the purpose and general authority: the Secretary shall prescribe minimum safety standards for pipeline transportation and pipeline facilities, which may address the design, installation, inspection, emergency plans and procedures, testing, construction, extension, operation, replacement and maintenance of facilities, must include qualifications for the personnel who operate and maintain facilities and the ability to recognize and react to abnormal operating conditions, and must be practicable and designed to meet the need for pipeline safety and to protect the environment. Section 60108 addresses inspection and maintenance, section 60109 high-density and environmentally sensitive areas, and section 60118 requires compliance with the standards. Section 60122 authorizes civil penalties and section 60123 provides criminal penalties for knowing and willful violations. The law also provides for State certification to assume intrastate safety authority. It is the legal foundation for US pipeline integrity management and enforcement.",
  "paywall": {
    "status": "LOCKED",
    "unlock_cost_usd": "0.01",
    "skyfire_id": "41779894-ece2-4163-9761-b3b1b76e19b0"
  },
  "crosswalks": {
    "_available_keys": [
      "industry_mapping",
      "related_frameworks"
    ],
    "_note": "Full crosswalk values included in vault response"
  },
  "primary_citations_count": 8
}