What Espoo Convention 1991 - Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context requires
The Espoo Convention (Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context, 1991 - 45 Parties as of April 2026, UNECE region) requires States to assess the environmental impacts of proposed activities likely to cause significant adverse transboundary effects before authorising them, and to notify and consult with the affected States; project developers and competent authorities must identify transboundary impacts at EIA screening stage, notify affected Party States, allow public participation in affected countries, and share the EIA documentation - non-compliance exposes project permits to legal challenge in both the originating and affected State and, for EU-based projects, triggers violation of EU EIA Directive 2014/52/EU obligations which incorporate Espoo Convention requirements directly.
Pillar: Sustainability & ESG · Authority: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) - Environment Division, Geneva; Meeting of the Parties to the Espoo Convention · Version: 1.0.1 · Last updated:
Primary source: https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVII-4&chapter=27&clang=_en
SHA-256 integrity: d173b99ec45e43fd4b3f8c19b4edf9c12596641932761bc7ca106d785da0e793
Primary Citations — 7 traced to source
- Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (Espoo Convention) - done at Espoo, 25 February 1991; entered into force 10 September 1997
- Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment (Kyiv Protocol) to the Espoo Convention - Kiev, 21 May 2003; entered into force 11 July 2010
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