What EU Emissions Trading System Directive 2003/87/EC requires
EU Directive 2003/87/EC established the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) the world's first major carbon market and a cornerstone of EU climate policy. The EU ETS operates on a cap-and-trade basis covering ~10,000 power stations and industrial plants in 30 European countries (EU 27 + Iceland Liechtenstein Norway) plus aviation. EU ETS Phase 4 (2021-2030) reformed via Directive (EU) 2023/959 ("Fit for 55"): -62% emissions by 2030 vs 2005; ETS extended to maritime transport (2024); separate ETS2 created for road transport buildings (2027); Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) per Regulation 2023/956 transitional 2023-2025 definitive from 2026; free allocation phase out for CBAM sectors and aviation; Market Stability Reserve enhanced.
Pillar: Sustainability & ESG · Authority: European Commission DG CLIMA · Version: 1.0.0 · Last updated:
Primary source: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2003/87/oj
SHA-256 integrity: 8bee57c1205424992b3e76952d9dbd1cab29bd9de9c7031e9d25c30642b6ff04
Primary Citations — 6 traced to source
- EU Directive 2003/87/EC establishing a system for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Union
- Directive 2003/87/EC Article 2 Annex I (Scope Installations): energy activities production processing metals mineral industries production of
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