What REAL ID Act 2005 - Public Law 109-13 requires
The REAL ID Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-13 Division B, enacted 11 May 2005) established federal minimum security standards for state-issued driver's licences and identification cards required for federal purposes including boarding commercial aircraft, accessing federal facilities, and entering nuclear power plants. The Act prohibits federal agencies from accepting non-compliant licences for these purposes after the enforcement deadline (currently 7 May 2025 after multiple extensions). Section 202 sets out the minimum issuance standards including verification of identity source documents, lawful presence verification, mandatory machine-readable zones and physical security features, mandatory state-to-state information sharing through the AAMVA system, and 10-year record retention. Section 203 imposes additional standards on Enhanced Driver's Licences. Section 204 establishes the DHS authority to administer the program. Section 205 codifies that the Act does not establish a national identification card. Section 207 imposes asylum-related amendments. Section 215 modifies the immigration and asylum framework. The REAL ID framework operates alongside Enhanced Driver's Licences (EDL) for land/sea border crossings, TSA PreCheck, and Trusted Traveler Programs (Global Entry, NEXUS, SENTRI). State implementation has been phased through DHS REAL ID Modernization Act of 2020 amendments enabling mobile driver's licence (mDL) compliance pathways.
Pillar: Data Protection & Privacy · Authority: United States Congress (Government Publishing Office) · Version: 1.0.0 · Last updated:
Primary source: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-109publ13/html/PLAW-109publ13.htm
SHA-256 integrity: ea10660e892f90d83e3182e3051c39669e1dc2ef4df8f6e8c845626b386cab6f
Primary Citations — 8 traced to source
- REAL ID Act of 2005 (Division B of Emergency Supplemental Appropriations), Public Law 109-13 https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-109publ13/html/PLAW-109publ13.htm
- REAL ID Modernization Act of 2020 (Title X of Consolidated Appropriations Act 2021), Public Law 116-260
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