What Trade Expansion Act 1962 Section 232 - 19 USC 1862 National Security Tariffs requires
Section 1862 of title 19 of the United States Code, section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 (Public Law 87-794, enacted 11 October 1962), authorises the Secretary of Commerce to investigate the effect of imports of any article on the national security of the United States, and authorises the President to adjust imports of that article and its derivatives if the President concurs in the Secretary's affirmative finding. The Secretary must consult with the Secretary of Defense on methodology, may hold public hearings, and must submit findings to the President within 270 days of initiation. The President has 90 days to determine whether to adjust imports through tariffs, quotas, tariff-rate quotas, or other measures, and 15 days to implement. For petroleum specifically, Congress may pass a joint resolution of disapproval. The national security definition extends beyond strict military to include domestic production necessary for projected defense requirements, the economic welfare of domestic industries, and the impact of foreign competition. Section 232 was the basis of major recent tariff actions including the 2018 steel and aluminum tariffs (Proclamations 9704 and 9705), the 2020 derivative steel and aluminum tariffs (Proclamation 9980), and the 2025 industry-specific tariff actions. Compliance officers must integrate Section 232 monitoring for any imported article potentially subject to investigation or proclamation.
Pillar: Trade Compliance & Export Controls · Authority: United States Congress (Office of the Law Revision Counsel) · Version: 1.0.0 · Last updated:
Primary source: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/19/1862
SHA-256 integrity: 3beb42ceebc33f1fb0bf824c4561939b32b4bf670181aff26acba73274da82bd
Primary Citations — 8 traced to source
- 19 USC 1862 (Safeguarding national security, Section 232 Trade Expansion Act 1962) https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/19/1862
- Trade Expansion Act of 1962, Public Law 87-794, enacted 11 October 1962
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