What WTO Agreement on Agriculture (1994): Market Access, Domestic Support and Export Competition requires
The Agreement on Agriculture is a Uruguay Round multilateral trade agreement administered by the World Trade Organization that disciplines government support and protection in the agricultural sector across three pillars: market access, domestic support, and export competition. Article 4 governs market access and requires the conversion of non-tariff border measures into ordinary customs duties, a process known as tariffication, and binds those tariffs. Article 5 provides a special safeguard mechanism allowing additional duties in response to import surges or price falls for designated products. Article 6 sets domestic support commitments, providing that a Member shall not provide support to domestic producers in excess of the commitment levels specified in its Schedule as the Total Aggregate Measurement of Support, subject to a de minimis allowance of 5 per cent of the value of production for developed countries and 10 per cent for developing countries, and Article 7 sets general disciplines, with Annex 2 exempting green box measures that have no, or minimal, trade-distorting effects. Articles 8 to 10 discipline export competition, limiting export subsidies to scheduled budgetary outlay and quantity commitments and preventing their circumvention, while Article 12 disciplines export prohibitions and restrictions through notification and consultation. Article 17 establishes the Committee on Agriculture to oversee implementation. The Agreement is the central multilateral framework for agricultural trade.
Pillar: Agriculture & Agritech · Authority: World Trade Organization · Version: 1.0.0 · Last updated:
Primary source: https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/14-ag_01_e.htm
SHA-256 integrity: 6756ef5a32d61e1211a2db0cd4b777c71bfce0362fd86e74459cc2c1179bcb6b
Primary Citations — 8 traced to source
- WTO Agreement on Agriculture, Article 4 - market access; conversion of non-tariff measures into ordinary customs duties (tariffication).
- WTO Agreement on Agriculture, Article 5 - special safeguard provisions for import surges or price falls.
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