What Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Treaty - Ottawa Treaty 1997 requires
The Ottawa Treaty (164 State Parties as of April 2026) comprehensively bans the use, production, transfer, and stockpiling of anti-personnel mines (APMs) under Article 1, with Article 4 requiring destruction of stockpiles within 4 years and Article 5 requiring clearance of mined areas within 10 years (extendable); defence manufacturers, investors, and operators are prohibited from any involvement with APMs under national implementing laws in all State Party jurisdictions, and institutional investors apply universal exclusionary screens - the Mine Action Review documents ongoing use in conflict zones triggering ATT Article 7 risk assessments for arms transfers to affected regions.
Pillar: Aviation, Defense & Quantum · Authority: United Nations - Implementation Support Unit (ISU) of the Mine Ban Treaty, Geneva; UN Mine Action Service (UNMAS) · Version: 1.0.1 · Last updated:
Primary source: https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-5&chapter=26&clang=_en
SHA-256 integrity: 278542bdf83771ed647723ae4681f371463b24c9e2071a3a28695210ee3e4a4d
Primary Citations — 7 traced to source
- {"title":"Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction - Ottawa, 18 September 1997","url":"https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-5&chapter=26&clang=_en","jurisdiction":"International - 164 State Parties as of April 2026; entered into force 1 March 1999","key_provisions":"Article 1(1): each State Party undertakes never under any circumstances to use, develop, produce, otherwise acquire, stockpile, retain or transfer anti-personnel mines (APMs), or to assist, encourage, or induce, in any way, anyone to engage in any activity prohibited to a State Party; Article 2(1): APM definition - mine designed to be exploded by presence, proximity or contact of a person; Article 4: stockpile destruction - within 4 years of entry into force for that Party; Article 5: clearance obligations - all APMs in mined areas under jurisdiction or control must be cleared within 10 years (extendable under Article 5(3)); Article 7: transparency measures - annual Article 7 report to UN Secretary-General; Article 8: facilitation and clarification of compliance - can request clarification from other States Parties"}
- {"title":"Mine Action Review - Banning Landmines: Country Reports 2023","url":"https://mineactionreview.org/","jurisdiction":"International - covers 60+ countries affected by APM contamination","key_provisions":"2023 Review identifies: 164 MBT States Parties; 33 countries under Article 5 clearance obligations; APM use documented in 2022-2023 in Myanmar (government forces and non-state armed groups), Russia (Ukraine), Ukraine (limited), Syria; non-MBT states with APM stockpiles: China, India, Pakistan, Russia, USA; producer identification: China, India, Iran, Myanmar, Pakistan, Russia, South Korea, USA maintain production capability; annual data used by institutional investors to update APM exclusion screens"}
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