What US Clean Water Act 1972 - NPDES Permitting, Section 404 Dredge-Fill and Water Quality Standards Framework requires
The US Clean Water Act (CWA, Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972, 33 USC 1251 et seq.) is the principal federal statute governing water pollution. EPA administers Section 402 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits for point source discharges. The Army Corps of Engineers administers Section 404 permits for dredge-and-fill activities in navigable waters and wetlands. Section 303 requires states to set water quality standards and identify impaired water bodies (303(d) list). Section 319 addresses nonpoint source pollution. The WOTUS (Waters of the United States) rule defines federal jurisdiction. CWA enforcement includes civil penalties up to USD 64,618/day and criminal penalties for knowing violations.
Pillar: Water & Environmental Resources · Authority: US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - Office of Water · Version: 1.0.0 · Last updated:
Primary source: https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-clean-water-act
SHA-256 integrity: 58d68c66ac74b08d8c635f56395187bd45daa063169f631f62d728268715fd69
Primary Citations — 7 traced to source
- Federal Water Pollution Control Act (Clean Water Act), 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq. (as amended 1977, 1987) - s.301 effluent limitations, s.303 water quality standards, s.402 NPDES permit programme, s.404 dredge-fill permits, s.309 enforcement, s.505 citizen suits
- Code of Federal Regulations 40 CFR 122-131 - NPDES permit application requirements, technology-based effluent guidelines, water quality standards regulation, total maximum daily load (TMDL) methodology
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