Automotive & Mobility — 127 Nodes
- 40 CFR Part 1037 Heavy-Duty Vehicle GHG Standards
40 CFR Part 1037 sets EPA greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards for heavy-duty motor vehicles. Section 1037.105 establishes CO2 emission standards for vocational vehicles, and Section 1037.106 establishes exhaust… - 49 CFR Part 565 VIN Requirements
49 CFR Part 565 sets the content and format of the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). Per Section 565.13(b) each VIN must consist of seventeen (17) characters, and per Section 565.13(c) a check digit must appear in… - 49 CFR Part 579 Early Warning Reporting (TREAD Act)
49 CFR Part 579 implements the Early Warning Reporting (EWR) requirements of the TREAD Act, requiring manufacturers to report potential safety defect information to NHTSA. Per Section 579.21 a manufacturer of 5,000 or… - 49 USC § 30111 - Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) Authority
49 USC § 30111 (originally enacted as the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966, Pub. L. 89-563; recodified by Pub. L. 103-272) grants the Secretary of Transportation authority to prescribe Federal Motor… - 49 USC § 30120 - Vehicle Recall Remedies (Defect and Noncompliance Remedies)
49 USC § 30120 (originally enacted as part of National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act 1966, recodified by Pub. L. 103-272 and amended numerous times including TREAD Act 2000 Pub. L. 106-414) establishes the… - Act on the Amendment of the Road Traffic Act and Other Acts to Permit Highly Automated Driving in Regular Traffic (Automated Driving Act - StVÄndG)
The Germany Autonomous Driving Act 2021 (StVÄndG) permits Level 4 autonomous driving systems to operate in defined operating domains (ODDs) without a human driver present, provided a technical supervisor is available… - Australia Automated Vehicle Safety Reform - NTC Regulatory Framework and Proposed Automated Vehicle Safety Law (AVSL): Automated Driving System Entity (ADSE) Safety Duties, Trials, Operational Design Domain and In-Service Safety on Public Roads
Australia regulates automated vehicles through the National Transport Commission (NTC) reform program rather than a single 2023 instrument. The NTC policy paper 'The regulatory framework for automated vehicles in… - Australia National Road Safety Strategy 2021-30 - Safe System Approach, Themes and 2030 Targets (Non-Binding National Strategy)
The National Road Safety Strategy 2021-30 (NRSS) is a non-binding national policy strategy endorsed by all of Australia's federal, state and territory governments and the Australian Local Government Association,… - Australia Road Vehicle Standards Act 2018 (RVSA) - Type Approval and Register of Approved Vehicles
Australia's Road Vehicle Standards Act 2018 (Cth) (RVSA, Act No. 163 of 2018, fully implemented 1 July 2021, replacing the Motor Vehicle Standards Act 1989) and the Road Vehicle Standards Rules 2019 establish the… - Automated and Electric Vehicles Act 2018
The UK Automated and Electric Vehicles Act 2018 establishes a liability framework for automated vehicle accidents, requiring insurers to cover incidents involving automated driving systems (Section 2), mandates the… - Automated Vehicles Comprehensive Plan 2021 - Policy Priorities: Safety Measurement, Proactive Safety and Collaboration for AV Deployment
The USDOT's Automated Vehicles Comprehensive Plan 2021 establishes a national framework to advance the safe deployment of automated vehicles (AVs) through voluntary safety self-assessments, data sharing, and… - Automotive SPICE (ASPICE) PAM 3.1 - Process Assessment Model: SYS, SWE, SUP, MAN Process Areas, Capability Levels and Assessment Indicators for Automotive Software Engineering
Automotive SPICE PAM 3.1 defines a process reference and assessment model for evaluating the capability of software and systems engineering processes in the automotive industry. It applies to suppliers and OEMs… - AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform 22-11 - Adaptive Application Architecture: Service-Oriented Communication, Execution Management, Update and Config Management and Cryptography APIs
This standard defines the architecture and interfaces of the AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform, including service-oriented communication, runtime execution, and cryptographic services for adaptive automotive applications. It… - California CARB Advanced Clean Cars II (ACC II) - Zero-Emission Vehicle Mandate, PHEV Requirements, Battery Durability, Charging Standards and Data Tracking
The CARB ACC II regulations mandate that by 2035, 100% of new light-duty vehicles sold in California must be Zero-Emission Vehicles (ZEVs) or Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs). - California DMV Autonomous Vehicle Regulations - Testing Permits, Driverless Testing, Deployment Permits, Manufacturer Obligations, Incident Reporting and Public Use Requirements
This regulation requires manufacturers to obtain permits from the California DMV to test or deploy autonomous vehicles on public roads, report disengagements annually, and file collision reports for any incident… - Canada Motor Vehicle Safety Act 1985 - CMVSS Type Approval, Defect Investigation and Transport Canada Recall Obligations
The Canada Motor Vehicle Safety Act R.S.C. 1985 c. M-10.01 (MVSA) and the Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations SOR/94-693 (MVSR) establish Canada's mandatory safety standards regime for motor vehicles and associated… - Canada Motor Vehicle Safety Act: Standards Conformity, National Safety Mark and Recalls
The Motor Vehicle Safety Act (S.C. 1993, c. 16) regulates the manufacture and importation of motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment to reduce the risk of death, injury and damage to property and the environment,… - Canada Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations CRC c 1038 - National Safety Mark Compliance Labels CMVSS Standards Recall and Importation
Canada Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations (CRC c 1038) implement the Motor Vehicle Safety Act and prescribe national safety mark requirements under Section 3 prescribed vehicle classes under Section 4 with Schedule III… - China GB 18384-2020 - Electric Vehicle Safety Standard and GB Standards for New Energy Vehicles
China's GB 18384-2020 (Electric Vehicles Safety Requirements, effective 1 January 2021) is the mandatory national standard for battery electric vehicle (BEV) and fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) safety in China's… - China Intelligent Connected Vehicle (ICV) Access, Cybersecurity and OTA Regulation - MIIT Access Opinions (2021), MIIT/SAMR Admission and OTA Notice (2025) and GB Cybersecurity/OTA Standards
China does not govern intelligent and connected vehicles (ICVs) through a single consolidated instrument titled 'SAC/TC 114, 2022' with internal clauses. Instead, ICV access, cybersecurity, functional safety,… - Clean Air Act Section 202 - Standards of Performance for New Motor Vehicles or New Motor Vehicle Engines
The US Clean Air Act Section 202 authorizes the EPA to establish federal emission standards for new light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles to limit greenhouse gases (GHGs) and… - Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/945 on unmanned aircraft systems and on third-country operators of unmanned aircraft systems
Establishes safety and environmental requirements for the design, production, and operation of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in the European Union, categorizing operations into Open, Specific, and Certified. Applies… - Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2021/2139 of 4 June 2021 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2020/852 by establishing the detailed rules for determining the conditions under which an economic activity qualifies as environmentally sustainable for the purposes of the EU Taxonomy, in the sector of transport, including low-emission mobility thresholds for motor vehicles
This regulation sets technical screening criteria for automotive manufacturers and fleet operators to classify vehicle production and sales as environmentally sustainable under the EU Taxonomy, requiring new passenger… - Commission Regulation (EU) No 461/2010 of 27 May 2010 on the application of Article 101(3) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union to categories of vertical agreements and concerted practices in the motor vehicle sector
Regulation (EU) No 461/2010 establishes competition rules for the EU motor vehicle aftermarket, ensuring independent operators have fair access to spare parts, technical information, and repair tools. It applies to… - Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards for Model Years 2024-2031 - Fleet Average Targets, Compliance Credits, Civil Penalties, Footprint-Based Standards and Manufacturer Compliance Flexibility
This regulation establishes fleet-wide fuel economy targets for passenger cars and light trucks manufactured for sale in the United States from model years 2024 to 2031, calculated using a footprint-based formula. It… - Council Directive 1999/37/EC of 29 April 1999 on the registration documents for vehicles
This Directive harmonises the registration documents issued by Member States at the time of vehicle registration (Article 1). It defines the registration certificate and its harmonised content set out in the Annexes… - Council Directive 96/53/EC of 25 July 1996 laying down for certain road vehicles circulating within the Community the maximum authorised dimensions in national and international traffic and the maximum authorised weights in international traffic
This Directive sets the maximum authorised dimensions for certain road vehicles in national and international traffic and the maximum authorised weights in international traffic, to ensure interoperability and fair… - Defect and Noncompliance Notification, Reporting, and Recall Procedures - 49 CFR Parts 573 and 577
Manufacturers must report safety-related defects or noncompliance with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) to NHTSA within five working days under 49 CFR § 573.6 and initiate owner notification and remedy… - Directive (EU) 2015/413 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2015 facilitating cross-border exchange of information on road-safety-related traffic offences
This Directive facilitates the cross-border exchange of information on road-safety-related traffic offences to ensure penalties are applied to non-resident offenders (Article 1). It applies to the road-safety-related… - Directive 2006/126/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on driving licences
This Directive establishes a Community model driving licence (Article 1), provides for mutual recognition of driving licences issued by Member States (Article 2), and sets anti-forgery measures (Article 3). It defines… - Directive 2008/96/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on road infrastructure safety management
This Directive requires Member States to establish and implement road infrastructure safety procedures (Article 1). It mandates road safety impact assessments for infrastructure projects (Article 3), road safety audits… - Directive 2010/40/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2010 on the framework for the deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems in the field of road transport and for interfaces with other modes of transport
This Directive establishes a framework for the coordinated deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) across the EU, mandating interoperability and common specifications in priority areas including multimodal… - Directive 2010/40/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2010 on the framework for the deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems in the field of road transport and for interfaces with other modes of transport
The EU ITS Directive 2010/40/EU mandates Member States to develop and implement National ITS Action Plans to ensure interoperable deployment of intelligent transport systems (ITS) across road transport and multimodal… - Directive 2014/47/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on the technical roadside inspection of the roadworthiness of commercial vehicles circulating in the Union
This Directive establishes minimum requirements for a regime of technical roadside inspections of commercial vehicles with a design speed exceeding 25 km/h (Articles 1 and 2). It requires a system of initial and more… - Ensuring American Leadership in Automated Vehicle Technologies: Automated Vehicles Comprehensive Plan, AV 4.0 - Safety Framework for Automated Driving Systems, Voluntary Guidance, Pre-Market Testing, Cybersecurity and Public Reporting
The NHTSA AV 4.0 guidance establishes a voluntary safety framework for developers, manufacturers, and operators of Automated Driving Systems (ADS) to ensure pre-deployment safety validation, cybersecurity resilience,… - ETSI ITS Standards - Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems: ETSI EN 302 637-2 CAM, EN 302 637-3 DENM, EN 303 613 LTE-V2X and Security Standards for C-ITS
This regulation establishes technical standards for Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) to enable secure, interoperable communication between vehicles and infrastructure using CAM and DENM messages over… - EU Directive 2014/45/EU - Periodic Roadworthiness Testing of Motor Vehicles
Directive 2014/45/EU harmonises periodic roadworthiness testing across EU Member States, establishing minimum inspection standards, item lists, deficiency classification (minor, major, dangerous), test centre… - EU eCall Regulation 2015/758 - In-Vehicle Emergency Call System Requirements
EU Regulation 2015/758 mandates type-approval of pan-European eCall via 112 in all new M1/N1 passenger vehicles (≤3.5t) produced from 31 March 2018. On-board system must transmit Minimum Set of Data (MSD) including GNSS… - EU Electronic European Toll Service Directive 2019/520 - EETS Interoperability
Directive 2019/520/EU on the interoperability of electronic road toll systems requires all new EETS service areas to be accessible to EETS providers by 2021, mandating a single contract and single in-vehicle device for… - EU End-of-Life Vehicles Directive 2000/53/EC
EU Directive 2000/53/EC on End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV) implements producer responsibility for vehicles at the end of their useful life. Vehicle manufacturers must achieve minimum reuse/recovery and reuse/recycling… - EU General Safety Regulation 2019/2144 - Advanced Driver Assistance and Vehicle Type Approval
EU Regulation 2019/2144 on General Safety Requirements for Motor Vehicles (GSR, applicable from July 2022 for new type approvals and July 2024 for all new vehicles) mandates fitment of advanced driver assistance systems… - EU General Safety Regulation 2019/2144 - Vehicle Type Approval Safety
Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 mandates advanced vehicle safety systems as type-approval requirements from 2022 (new types) and 2024 (all new vehicles), including Intelligent Speed Assistance (ISA), Emergency Lane Keeping… - EU General Safety Regulation 2019/2144 Article 6 - Type-Approval Requirements for Automated and Fully Automated Road Vehicles
Article 6 of Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 (General Safety Regulation, GSR) mandates that motor vehicles be equipped with Intelligent Speed Assistance (ISA), Emergency Lane Keeping Systems (ELKS), and other advanced driver… - EU Regulation 2022/1426 - Automated Driving System Type-Approval
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1426 establishes uniform procedures and technical specifications for type-approval of automated driving systems (ADS) for fully automated vehicles under Article 11 of… - EU Type-Approval Regulation 2018/858 - Whole Vehicle Market Surveillance and Technical Requirements
Regulation (EU) 2018/858 establishes the framework for type-approval and market surveillance of motor vehicles in the EU, requiring manufacturers to demonstrate conformity of production, provide on-board diagnostics… - EU Vehicle Type Approval Regulation 2018/858 -- Whole Vehicle Type Approval and Market Surveillance
Regulation (EU) 2018/858 establishes the EU framework for whole vehicle type approval (WVTA), individual vehicle approval (IVA), and market surveillance of motor vehicles, trailers, and their systems and components. It… - Euro NCAP Safety Assessment Protocol 2024 - Adult Occupant, Child Occupant, Vulnerable Road Users, Safety Assist Testing Methods and Rating Criteria for Vehicle Safety Assessment
This protocol defines the testing and rating methodology used by Euro NCAP for assessing vehicle safety performance across adult occupant protection, child occupant protection, vulnerable road user protection, and… - Federal Framework for the Testing and Deployment of Highly Automated Vehicles - Principles from the SELF DRIVE Act and AV START Act, Including Federal Preemption, Cybersecurity, Privacy, and Exemption Authority
This framework establishes federal oversight of highly automated vehicle (HAV) safety standards, preempting state-level regulation of HAV design and performance. It mandates that manufacturers submit Safety Evaluation… - Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (49 CFR Parts 500-599): Crash Avoidance, Crashworthiness, Post-Crash Standards, Brake Systems and Lighting Requirements
The Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) establish mandatory safety performance requirements for motor vehicles and equipment to reduce crashes, injuries, and fatalities. Applies to all manufacturers,… - Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) - Safety Performance Requirements for Occupant Protection, Lighting, Braking and Electronic Systems
The FMVSS establishes mandatory safety performance requirements for motor vehicles and equipment related to occupant protection, braking, lighting, and electronic systems. It applies to all manufacturers, importers, and… - Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act 2015 (FAST Act) - Public Law 114-94
The Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act of 2015 (FAST Act, Public Law 114-94, enacted 4 December 2015) was the first long-term surface-transportation authorisation in over a decade, providing approximately 305… - FMVSS No. 111 Rear Visibility (49 CFR 571.111)
FMVSS No. 111 (Section 571.111) governs rear visibility, requiring that each applicable vehicle with a GVWR of 4,536 kg or less manufactured on or after May 1, 2018 provide a rear visibility image meeting the S5.5… - FMVSS No. 126 Electronic Stability Control (49 CFR 571.126)
FMVSS No. 126 (Section 571.126) requires Electronic Stability Control (ESC) systems on passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses with a GVWR of 4,536 kg (10,000 lb) or less. Per S5.1.1 the ESC… - FMVSS No. 138 Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (49 CFR 571.138)
FMVSS No. 138 (Section 571.138) requires a Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) on passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses with a GVWR of 4,536 kg (10,000 lb) or less (S2). Per S4.2(a) the… - FMVSS No. 208 Occupant Crash Protection (49 CFR 571.208)
FMVSS No. 208 (Section 571.208) specifies occupant crash protection requirements for passenger cars and other vehicles. Per S4.1 passenger cars must provide the specified occupant protection (including frontal and… - Germany Straßenverkehrs-Zulassungs-Ordnung (StVZO) - Vehicle Registration Type Approval Construction and Technical Inspection
The Straßenverkehrs-Zulassungs-Ordnung (StVZO) is the German federal road vehicle registration ordinance issued under the Straßenverkehrsgesetz (StVG) covering registration of motor vehicles and trailers under §§ 16 to… - IATF 16949:2016 - International Automotive Quality Management System Standard
IATF 16949:2016 (International Automotive Task Force) is the global quality management system standard for automotive production and service parts organisations; built on ISO 9001:2015, it adds automotive-specific… - IEC 61851:2017 - Electric Vehicle Conductive Charging System: Mode 1-4 Charging, Control Pilot Signal, PWM Duty Cycle, Safety Requirements and Connector Requirements
IEC 61851:2017 defines the conductive charging system for electric vehicles, specifying safety, control pilot signaling, and connector requirements for charging modes 1 to 4. It applies to EV manufacturers, charging… - IEEE 1609 WAVE - Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments: DSRC, WSMP Protocol, Security Certificates, Certificate Revocation and Resource Manager for V2X Communications
This standard defines the architecture and protocols for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE), enabling secure, low-latency communication between vehicles and infrastructure using DSRC and the WAVE Short… - India Bharat NCAP Vehicle Safety Rating Programme - AIS-197:2023 Crash Test Protocol and MoRTH Type Approval Requirements
India's Bharat New Car Assessment Programme (Bharat NCAP) was launched by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) through Gazette Notification GSR 663(E) dated 18 September 2023, making India the world's 6th… - ISO 15031 Series - Road Vehicles: Communication Between Vehicle and External Equipment for Emissions-Related Diagnostics (OBD)
ISO 15031 is a multi-part series (Parts 1 to 7), published by ISO Technical Committee TC 22 in cooperation with SAE, that specifies how external test equipment communicates with a road vehicle's on-board diagnostic… - ISO 15118 - Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Communication Interface: Part 2 - Network and Application Protocol Requirements, Part 3 - Physical and Data Link Layer Requirements, Part 4 - Physical Layer and Data Link Layer Conformance Test
ISO 15118 defines the communication protocol between electric vehicles (EVs) and charging stations for secure, interoperable vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services including Plug-and-Charge, contract certificate exchange, and… - ISO 20077 - Extended Vehicle (ExVE) Standard: In-Vehicle Data Server Architecture, OEM Backend Connectivity, Remote Diagnostics, Data Governance and Third-Party Access Control
ISO 20077 standardizes the 'Extended Vehicle' methodology, channeling all vehicle data through an OEM-controlled backend server to ensure safety, cybersecurity, and standardized data access for third parties. - ISO 26262:2018 - Road Vehicles - Functional Safety
ISO 26262:2018 establishes functional safety requirements for electrical and electronic systems in production passenger vehicles (up to 3,500 kg), defining hazard classification via Automotive Safety Integrity Levels… - ISO 39001:2012 - Road Traffic Safety Management Systems - Requirements with guidance for use
This standard specifies requirements for a road traffic safety (RTS) management system to enable organizations to reduce or eliminate incidents involving road traffic injuries or fatalities. It applies to any… - ISO 6469 - Electric Vehicle Safety: On-Board Electrical Energy Storage, Functional Safety, Protection Against Electric Shock and Connecting to External Power Supply
This regulation standard specifies safety requirements for electric vehicles concerning electrical energy storage, protection against electric shock, and connection to external power supplies. It applies to road… - ISO/SAE 21434:2021 - Road Vehicles - Cybersecurity Engineering
ISO/SAE 21434:2021 establishes engineering requirements for managing cybersecurity risk in road vehicles throughout the vehicle lifecycle. It applies to manufacturers, suppliers, and developers involved in the design,… - Italy Decreto Legislativo 30 aprile 1992 n. 285 - Nuovo Codice della Strada Titolo III Veicoli Omologazione Immatricolazione e Revisione
Italy Decreto Legislativo 30 aprile 1992 n. 285 establishes the Nuovo Codice della Strada with Titolo III Dei Veicoli covering Articoli 46 to 94 across four Capi including Capo I disposizioni generali Capo II veicoli a… - Japan Road Transport Vehicle Act 1951 - Type Approval, Vehicle Inspection (Shaken), and Recall Procedures
Japan's Road Transport Vehicle Act (Law No. 185 of 1951, as amended 2022) requires MLIT type approval for all vehicle models, biennial roadworthiness inspections (shaken) from year 3, mandatory recall notification… - MISRA C:2023 - Motor Industry Software Reliability Association C Coding Guidelines: Mandatory and Advisory Rules for Safety-Critical Automotive Software Development
MISRA C:2023 provides a comprehensive set of mandatory and advisory coding guidelines for the use of the C language in safety-critical automotive systems, extending support to C11 and C18 language standards while… - Motor Vehicles (Tests) Regulations 1981 (SI 1981/1694)
The Motor Vehicles (Tests) Regulations 1981 (SI 1981/1694) govern the periodic roadworthiness test (the MOT test) of motor vehicles in Great Britain. Regulation 4 sets out the prescribed statutory requirements that a… - NHTSA Cybersecurity Best Practices for the Safety of Modern Vehicles 2022 - Risk Management, Supply Chain Security, OTA Updates and Incident Response
This guidance requires motor vehicle manufacturers, suppliers, and software developers to implement a comprehensive cybersecurity risk management framework covering design, supply chain, over-the-air (OTA) updates, and… - NIST IR 8473 - Cybersecurity Framework Profile for Electric Vehicle Extreme Fast Charging Infrastructure
Organizations operating in the Electric Vehicle Extreme Fast Charging (EV/XFC) ecosystem - covering the four domains of EVs, XFC/EVSE charging stations, Cloud/Third-Party service providers, and Utilities/Building… - OECD International Transport Forum (ITF) Policy Guidance on Connected and Automated Vehicles - Advisory Principles for Regulating Automated Mobility (Binding ADS Rules via UNECE WP.29)
The OECD International Transport Forum (ITF) publishes non-binding policy guidance on connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), not a binding numbered regulatory framework. Relevant ITF/OECD reports include 'Making… - Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on end-of-life vehicles - Recycled Content Mandates, Dismantling Information, Collector Obligations and Depollution Standards
This regulation establishes mandatory recycled content targets for new vehicles, requires manufacturers to provide standardized dismantling and depollution information, and imposes obligations on treatment facilities to… - Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on type-approval requirements for motor vehicles and engines with respect to emissions from light and heavy-duty vehicles (Euro 7)
Establishes unified Euro 7 emission limits for light- and heavy-duty vehicles, including brake and tyre particle emissions, and mandates enhanced on-board diagnostic (OBD) systems for real-world monitoring. Applies to… - Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2007 on type approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6)
This Regulation establishes the Euro 5 and Euro 6 common technical requirements for the type approval of M1, M2, N1 and N2 motor vehicles up to 2 610 kg reference mass with respect to emissions (Articles 1 and 2).… - Regulation (EU) 2018/858 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 on the approval and market surveillance of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles, and repealing Directive 2007/46/EC
This regulation establishes the EU framework for whole vehicle type-approval ( WVTA ), requiring manufacturers to obtain certification before placing vehicles on the market, mandates ongoing market surveillance by… - Regulation (EU) 2018/858 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 on the approval and market surveillance of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles, and repealing Directive 2007/46/EC
This regulation establishes a harmonized framework for whole vehicle type approval ( WVTA ), conformity of production (CoP), market surveillance, and post-market remedial measures for motor vehicles and their components… - Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 on market surveillance and compliance of products - Provisions for automotive components and related obligations for economic operators
Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 establishes binding obligations for economic operators (manufacturers, importers, authorised representatives, distributors) placing automotive components on the EU market, requiring… - Regulation (EU) 2019/2144 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 November 2019 on type-approval requirements for motor vehicles and their trailers, and systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles, as regards their general safety and the protection of vehicle occupants and vulnerable road users
Mandates the installation of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) including Automated Emergency Braking (AEB), Intelligent Speed Assistance (ISA), Driver Drowsiness and Attention Warning (DDAW), and a mandatory… - Regulation (EU) 2020/740 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 May 2020 on energy labelling of tyres, amending Regulation (EU) 2017/1377 and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1222/2009
This regulation mandates that all new tyres placed on the EU market must display standardized labels indicating performance in wet grip, rolling resistance, and external rolling noise. It applies to manufacturers,… - Regulation (EU) 2021/782 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2021 on rail passengers’ rights and obligations (recast) (Text with EEA relevance)
This regulation establishes enforceable rights for rail passengers within the European Union, including rights to information, assistance, compensation, and re-routing in cases of delay or cancellation, as defined in… - Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on Batteries and Waste Batteries, Amending Regulations (EU) 2019/1020 and (EU) 2018/848, and Repealing Directive 2006/66/EC
This regulation imposes mandatory carbon footprint declaration and performance class rating for electric vehicle (EV) batteries placed on the EU market from 2027, requires minimum recycled content of lithium, cobalt,… - Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on Batteries and Waste Batteries, Repealing Directive 2006/66/EC and Amending Regulations (EU) No 2019/1020 and (EU) 2019/944 - Sustainability and Environmental Compliance for Electric Vehicle Batteries
This regulation imposes mandatory carbon footprint declaration, due diligence for critical raw materials, battery passport with digital product record, state-of-health reporting, second-life assessment, and end-of-life… - Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure
Requires EU Member States to deploy minimum levels of publicly accessible electric vehicle (EV) charging and refuelling infrastructure along the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T), including high-power charging… - Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure and amending Directive 2009/33/EC and Regulation (EU) No 1315/2013
The EU Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation (AFIR) mandates Member States to ensure the deployment of minimum levels of publicly accessible EV charging and hydrogen refuelling infrastructure along the TEN-T core… - Regulation (EU) 2023/851 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 April 2023 on CO₂ emission performance standards for new passenger cars and for new light commercial vehicles, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 443/2009 and (EU) No 510/2011
Requires 100% reduction in average CO₂ emissions from new passenger cars and light commercial vehicles by 31 December 2034, effectively mandating zero-emission vehicle sales from 2035, with interim targets of 55%… - Regulation (EU) 2024/1257 - Emission Limits for Light and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Real Driving Emissions, Tyre and Brake Particle Emission Limits and Battery Durability Requirements
Regulation (EU) 2024/1257 establishes stricter emission limits for light and heavy-duty vehicles, including real driving emissions (RDE) for NOx and particulate matter, introduces limits on non-exhaust emissions from… - Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 on the Digital Product Passport for Vehicles - Requirements for Battery Passport Integration, Recyclability Information and QR Code Accessibility
This regulation mandates vehicle manufacturers placing electric vehicles on the EU market to integrate a Battery Passport into the Digital Product Passport (DPP), provide verified recyclability data, and ensure… - Regulation (EU) No 165/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 February 2014 on tachographs in road transport
This Regulation sets the obligations and requirements for the construction, installation, use, testing and control of tachographs used in road transport to verify compliance with driving-time rules (Article 1).… - Regulation (EU) No 167/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 February 2013 on the approval and market surveillance of agricultural and forestry vehicles
This Regulation establishes the administrative and technical requirements for the type-approval and market surveillance of agricultural and forestry vehicles, systems, components and separate technical units (Article… - Regulation (EU) No 168/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 January 2013 on the approval and market surveillance of two- or three-wheel vehicles and quadricycles
This Regulation sets the administrative and technical requirements for the type-approval and market surveillance of L-category vehicles, namely powered two- and three-wheel vehicles and quadricycles intended to travel… - Regulation (EU) No 181/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 2011 concerning the rights of passengers in bus and coach transport
This Regulation establishes the rights of passengers in bus and coach transport (Articles 1 and 2). It requires non-discriminatory contract conditions and tickets (Article 4), provides for compensation and assistance in… - Road Traffic Act (Strassenverkehrsgesetz - StVG)
This Act governs the use of motor vehicles on public roads and the civil liability arising from their operation. It imposes liability on the keeper of a vehicle (Fahrzeughalter) for death, personal injury or property… - Road Traffic Act Amendment (Act No. 32 of Reiwa 4) - Establishment of Licensing System for Specific Automated Driving at SAE Level 4
This regulation establishes a licensing framework for SAE Level 4 automated driving systems operating without a driver present, requiring operators to obtain permission from prefectural public safety commissions under… - Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986 (SI 1986/1078)
The Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986 (SI 1986/1078) set the construction, equipment, and use requirements for motor vehicles and trailers used on roads in Great Britain. Regulation 18 governs… - SAE J3016: Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles (2021)
Defines six levels (0-5) of driving automation for on-road motor vehicles, specifying the roles of the human driver and automated driving system (ADS), including requirements for OEDR (Object and Event Detection and… - Singapore LTA Autonomous Vehicle Regulatory Framework - Trial Permit System, Safety Assessment, Mandatory Incident Reporting, Operational Safety Case and AV Centre Requirements
This regulation governs the testing and deployment of autonomous vehicles (AVs) on public roads and paths in Singapore. All AVs must undergo safety assessments at CETRAN, obtain insurance, and comply with the Road… - Spain Real Decreto 750/2010 - Reglamento de Homologación de Vehículos Sistemas Partes y Piezas y Conformidad de la Producción
Spain Real Decreto 750/2010 establishes the national homologation framework for vehicles systems parts and components through six Capítulos covering disposiciones generales in Articulos 1 to 3 homologación de vehículos… - The Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019
The Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019 mandates enhanced third-party insurance coverage, establishes a framework for vehicle recalls, introduces automated testing standards for transport vehicles, and requires… - TISAX - Trusted Information Security Assessment Exchange for the Automotive Industry (ENX Association / VDA ISA)
TISAX, the Trusted Information Security Assessment Exchange, is the automotive industry mechanism for assessing and exchanging information security assessment results, governed by the ENX Association. The assessment… - UK Road Traffic Act 1988: Driving Offences, Construction and Use, Licensing and Insurance
The Road Traffic Act 1988 (c. 52) is the principal UK statute regulating the use of motor vehicles on roads, enforced by the police and the DVSA under the policy responsibility of the Department for Transport. Part I… - UK Road Traffic Act 1988: Driving Offences, Drink and Drug Driving, Licensing and Compulsory Insurance
The Road Traffic Act 1988 is the principal statute governing the use of motor vehicles on roads in Great Britain, setting out the main driving offences, the drink and drug driving regime, driver licensing, and… - UK Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994: Vehicle Tax, Registration and Unlicensed-Vehicle Offences
The Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 (c. 22) governs vehicle excise duty (vehicle tax) and the registration of vehicles in the UK, administered by the DVLA. Section 1 charges vehicle excise duty in respect of… - UN ECE Regulation 156 - Software Update Management System (SUMS) for Connected Vehicles
UN ECE Regulation No. 156 on Software Update Management Systems (SUMS) for Vehicles (adopted by UNECE WP.29, entry into force January 2021, mandatory for EU type approval since July 2022) requires vehicle manufacturers… - UN Global Technical Regulations (GTRs) - Harmonised Vehicle Standards: GTR 9 Pedestrian Safety, GTR 13 Hydrogen Fuel Cell, GTR 20 EVS, GTR 24 Brake Emissions (Light-Duty) and GTR 3 Motorcycle Brake Systems
The UN GTRs, developed under the 1998 Agreement and administered by the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29) at UNECE, establish harmonized technical requirements for vehicle safety and… - UN Regulation No. 100 - Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Battery Electric Vehicles with Regard to Specific Requirements for Electric Power Train Systems
UN Regulation No. 100 (Rev. 3, 2022) establishes mandatory safety requirements for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) regarding electrical safety, protection against electric shock, thermal management, and high-voltage… - UN Regulation No. 13 - Braking Systems for Heavy Vehicles (M, N, O Categories)
UN Regulation No. 13 (UNECE WP.29) is the international uniform standard for braking systems on heavy-duty motor vehicles and trailers (Categories M2, M3 buses; N1-N3 trucks; O1-O4 trailers); it specifies performance… - UN Regulation No. 152 - Advanced Emergency Braking Systems (AEBS) for M1 and N1 Vehicles
UN Regulation No. 152 (adopted by UNECE WP.29 under the 1958 Agreement) mandates Advanced Emergency Braking Systems (AEBS) for M1 (passenger cars) and N1 (light goods vehicles up to 3.5 t GVW) capable of automatically… - UN Regulation No. 155 - Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to cybersecurity and cybersecurity management
UN Regulation No. 155 mandates that automotive manufacturers implement a Cybersecurity Management System (CSMS) to identify, assess, and mitigate cybersecurity risks throughout the vehicle lifecycle. It applies to all… - UN Regulation No. 155 - Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Vehicles with Regard to Cybersecurity and Cybersecurity Management
UN Regulation No. 155 mandates that vehicle manufacturers implement a certified Cyber Security Management System (CSMS) to identify, protect against, detect, respond to, and recover from cybersecurity threats throughout… - UN Regulation No. 156 - Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to software update and software update management system (SUMS)
UN Regulation No. 156 mandates that manufacturers implement a certified Software Update Management System (SUMS) to ensure the secure, reliable, and traceable over-the-air (OTA) updating of vehicle software. It applies… - UN Regulation No. 156 - Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to software update and software update management system (SUMS)
UN Regulation No. 156 mandates that manufacturers implement a certified Software Update Management System (SUMS) to ensure secure, traceable, and safe over-the-air (OTA) software updates for vehicles. It applies to all… - UN Regulation No. 157 on Automated Lane Keeping Systems (ALKS) for Motor Vehicles
UN Regulation No. 157 establishes technical requirements and operational conditions for Automated Lane Keeping Systems (ALKS) operating at SAE Level 3, permitting automated driving up to 60 km/h under specific… - UNECE Regulation No. 116 - Protection of Motor Vehicles Against Unauthorized Use: Immobilizer and Alarm Standards
UNECE Regulation No. 116 (UN/R116) establishes uniform provisions for the approval of motor vehicle protection systems against unauthorized use, specifying technical requirements for immobilizer systems (which prevent… - UNECE Regulation No. 152 - Advanced Emergency Braking System (AEBS) for Passenger Cars and Light Vehicles
UNECE Regulation No. 152 (UN/R152), adopted by UNECE WP.29 in January 2021, establishes mandatory technical requirements for Advanced Emergency Braking Systems (AEBS) in M1 and M2 passenger cars and light buses,… - UNECE Regulation No. 48 - Installation of Lighting and Light-Signalling Devices on Vehicles
UNECE R48 prescribes mandatory and optional lighting equipment and its installation geometry for all motor vehicle categories (M, N, L, O), requiring daytime running lights (DRL) on new M1/N1 from 2011, adaptive… - UNECE Regulation No. 51.03 - Acoustic Noise Limits for Motor Vehicles
UNECE R51.03 sets declining noise emission limits for M1/N1 passenger and light commercial vehicles: 72 dB(A) from 2016, 70 dB(A) from 2020, 68 dB(A) from 2024 for M1, measured under ISO 362-1 accelerated vehicle… - UNECE Regulation R157 - Automated Lane Keeping Systems (ALKS) 2021
UNECE Regulation No. 157 establishes type-approval requirements for Automated Lane Keeping Systems (ALKS) operating at speeds up to 60 km/h on motorways, requiring systems to detect driver incapacitation, execute… - UNECE Regulation R79 - Steering Equipment Requirements 2018
UNECE Regulation No. 79 (Revision 3, 2018) establishes type-approval requirements for steering equipment in motor vehicles, including corrective steering functions for advanced driver assistance and automated systems,… - UNECE WP.29 Framework Document on Automated and Connected Vehicles - Type Approval, Cyber Security, Software Updates and Functional Safety
This framework establishes mandatory type approval requirements for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) under UNECE regulations, requiring manufacturers to implement robust cyber security management systems (CSMS),… - United Kingdom Road Vehicles (Approval) Regulations 2009 (SI 2009/717) - Type Approval Recall Technical Services and Individual Approval
The Road Vehicles (Approval) Regulations 2009 (SI 2009/717) implement the EC vehicle type approval framework in Great Britain through forty-two regulations across six parts covering scope, conditions for first licensing… - US CAFE Standards 49 CFR Parts 531/533 - Corporate Average Fuel Economy Compliance
NHTSA Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards (49 CFR Parts 531/533) require automobile manufacturers to meet fleet-average fuel economy targets (MPG) for passenger cars and light trucks, with civil penalties for… - US National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act 1966 - NHTSA Safety Standards
The National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act (49 U.S.C. Chapter 301) grants NHTSA authority to set Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) for all motor vehicles and equipment sold in the US; manufacturers… - US NHTSA FMVSS - Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards 49 CFR Part 571 Compliance
NHTSA Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (49 CFR Part 571) mandate that all vehicles sold in the US meet minimum safety performance requirements for crash protection, lighting, tires, brakes, and occupant… - VDA 6.3:2023 - Process Audit Standard for Automotive Supply Chain
VDA 6.3:2023 (Verband der Automobilindustrie Process Audit, Edition 3, 2023) is the German automotive industry's process audit standard used by BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen Group, Audi, and Porsche to audit Tier 1 and…
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